Pressure retarded osmosis for power generation and. The proposed realtime emulator serves as a powerful tool that can advance. Osmotic power has been commercially introduced as a new fuelfree energy resource. The technology red as well as pro is in the research and development phase. Many of the worlds major cities are on river estuaries that could be ideal for osmotic power generation. The stateowned company is starting up the worlds first osmotic power plant, which uses the pressure built up when fresh water passes through a. A watersoluble zwitterionic random copolymer with superior hydrophilicity and unique chemistry was molecularly designed and synthesized via a singlestep freeradical polymerization between 2. Basics of osmotic power salinity gradient power or osmotic power is the energy retrieved from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. Some systems use the movement of water, rather than ions, to power turbines that in turn produce electricity. While solar panels require adequate sunlight and wind turbines adequate wind, osmotic energy can be produced just about any time of day or night provided theres an estuary nearby. Osmotic power generation seminar report, ppt, pdf for. Jul 07, 2012 sources of renewable energy can be found in unexpected places, and one of the less wellknown processes currently being researched is the generation of osmotic power, or salinity gradient power. Osmotic power plants use the pressure generated by the transfer of water through the membrane in one direction to generate electricity. Where tides and waves can be unpredictable, the gradient energy potential between saltwater and fresh is always on, 24 x 7.
In this paper, we take an indepth look into the technical details of the osmotic power generation. The presence of an osmotic generating station the facility and associated power lines has a visual impact on the landscape, just as a road or aqueduct would. Finally, the paper introduces a way that allows the simultaneous power recovery of gauge and osmotic pressure, which gives a higher power yield than the two processes applied separately. First osmosis power plant goes on stream in norway new. The pressure retarded osmosis pro membrane is the key factor affecting the pro performance both water flux and power density. Theoretical and experimental investigations of the. Mwh of clean electricity could be achieved by using a hydroosmotic power hop plant if a suitable membrane is used and the. The concept of power generation and seawater desalination by pro and ro processes from red and dead sea water was infeasible due to a number of technical and environmental issues. Oct 03, 2007 the stateowned company is starting up the worlds first osmotic power plant, which uses the pressure built up when fresh water passes through a membrane, or strong but very thin mesh, into salt. Successful power generation techniques are those that make use of inexpensive energy sources and that utilize efficient conversions. For now, the membranes used in most systems are organic and fragile, and deliver low yields. An indepth investigation into the theory behind how osmotic pressure is used as a way of producing power is presented. Statkraft osmotic power prototype is the worlds first osmotic power plant, based on the energy of osmosis. Pro process will operate with filtered fresh water pumped into modules containing membrane.
Statkraft opens worlds first osmotic power plant in norway. Learn how companies that partner with ge solve the worlds toughest power generation, water, and energy issues through advanced technological innovation. Obtain realtime information on the whop system operation for a minimum of 500 hours. The energy in the osmotic power is derived from the difference in salt concentration between the fresh water and the salt water. It utilizes the phenomenon that upon the mixing of fresh water and oceanic salt water e. The pro process for osmotic power generation requires the availability of two streams with different salinities.
Seawater salinities between 32,000 mgl and 45,000 mgl were investigated here to evaluate the impact of the draw solution properties on the system performance. If osmotic power becomes feasible, it offers huge potential for future clean energy generation as, while wind and solar energy are very dependent on. Once the systems become more robust, osmotic power could play a major role in the generation of renewable energy. Two practical methods for this are reverse electrodialysis red and pressure retarded osmosis pro. Pressure retarded osmosis for power generation and seawater.
Optimization of the energy output of osmotic power plants. Develop, integrate and demonstrate a 25, kw system for power generation from lowtemperature waste heat, using hydroosmotic technology for a scalable and deployable, lowcost waste heat to power whp technology. In this presentation i will talk about the power of osmosis. Osmotic power pdf due to the natural fluctuations of solar and wind power generation.
Herein we consider osmosis as a driving force for pressure and shape changes in small devices. Sources of renewable energy can be found in unexpected places, and one of the less wellknown processes currently being researched is the generation of osmotic power, or salinity gradient power. With an osmotic pressure difference of approximately 2. Jul 26, 2012 osmotic power or salinity gradient is the energy obtained from the difference in salt content of fresh and salt water. Improved osmotic energy conversion in heterogeneous membrane. An osmotic power plant uses the so called mixing entropy. Statkraft osmotic power prototype in hurum wikipedia. Osmotic power is such an alternative with a theoretical global annual potential of up to 14400 twh 70% of the global electricity consumption of 2008 per year. Also explore the seminar topics paper on osmotic power generation with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year mechanical engineering me or production automobile students for the year 2019 2020. Osmotic power could be the next major renewable energy.
The power plant uses the osmotic gradient that occurs when fresh water and salt water meet, separated by a permeable membrane. However, an osmotic power plant can be designed to operate at full capacity almost continuously. This result is surprising because the voltage of any concentration cell is usually much lower than the. First osmosis power plant goes on stream in norway. The company is building the worlds first complete facility for osmotic power generation and believes a fullscale commercial plant could be up and running as early as 2015. Osmotic power is a new kind of renewable energy which is being researched upon. Osmotic energybased micro hydroelectric power system samhita dey a hydroelectric system has been designed for a distributed generator in the range of 10 to 100 kw. In fact, having two communicating tanks, respectively containing fresh and salt water, and having a semipermeable membrane inbetween the two. Nov 25, 2009 the worlds first test plant to harness osmotic power, a new emissionfree source of energy, opened on tuesday, in norway. Energy sources in india source hydro solar wind biomass geothermal tidal nuclear potential achieved. This presentation gives an overview and basic idea of how osmotic power generat slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Proponents of clean energy will soon have a new source to add. Though osmotic power is years from commercial feasibility but researchers think that it could provide thousands of terawatts of base load power per year around the globe. Power of osmosis used to deliver ecofriendly energy.
Osmotic power based on principle of osmosis methods of osmotic power generation there are two main practical methods of generating. Statkraft osmotic power plant power technology energy. The science behind this field of technology is based on exploiting the osmotic pressure difference between waters. Amidst news of massive solar and wind power plants comes word of a small but significant achievementthe worlds first osmotic power plant. According to the predicted gross power per membrane area illustrated by the power density wm 2 in figure 7, the osmotic pressure difference of more than 50 bar is preferred as it allows the generation of a higher power density requiring a lower membrane area for the given 0.
A facile and versatile approach was demonstrated for the fabrication of lowfouling pressure retarded osmosis pro membranes for osmotic power generation from highly polluted wastewater. Osmotic power is a specific renewable energy alternative that creates renewable and sustainable power by using naturally occurring processes. Unlike hydropower and wind power, osmotic power plants are not affected by fluctuations in the weather. Pro system for power generation from the meeting of river water and seawater.
The proposed realtime emulator is a powerful tool which can advance research and development of pressure retarded osmotic power generation system. Electricity generated with water, salt and a 3 atoms thick. The draw and feed solutions are fed into the fo membrane which is the main component in the pro process. Hence it is somewhat of a reverse process of desalination. In addition, the hydrocratic generator technology also relies on salinity gradients for energy generation. This may reduce the pro energy cost to an attractive level. Cost has been one of the major obstacles in taking this type of power to the masses, but they have obviously fixed that problem and the new power station is being watched by all with much anticipation. The worlds first osmosis driven power plant will be put into operation during 2009. Mwh of clean electricity could be achieved by using a hydro osmotic power hop plant if a suitable membrane is used and the.
Mar 12, 2009 the company is building the worlds first complete facility for osmotic power generation and believes a fullscale commercial plant could be up and running as early as 2015. The working of osmotic power can be described as a technology that utilizes the power released when freshwater mixes with saltwater. Pro was first developed in the early 70s as a way to turn osmotic pressure into electrical power. Osmotic power, namely 1 reverse electro dialysis red in initial stage low efficiency and very high capital cost involved. Osmotic power is a thriving renewable energy source osmotic power plants can be constructed anywhere were freshwater flows out into the sea, provided that the salt concentration is sufficiently high. For many years the epfl laboratory for electrical machines develops simsen, a numerical software package for the simulation in transient and. On the way to a completely renewable energy supply, additional alternatives to hydroelectric, wind, and solar power have to be investigated. Osmotic power is a specific renewable energy alternative that creates renewable and sustainable power by. Electricity generated with water, salt and a 3atomsthick. Osmotic powerpower production based on the osmotic. Chemical potential is a unique source of energy that under certain conditions can be converted to useful energy.
Realtime emulation of a pressureretarded osmotic power. The power plant is located at tofte in hurum, norway, with rooms at the factory area at sodra cell tofte cellulose factory. Feb 07, 2010 osmotic power potential questions and answers by. Another norwegian location seems to have been identified as the most suitable for the new facility. Mathematical analysis for smallscale osmotic power generation. There are enormous benefits with osmotic power, namely that its the cleanest, most reliable source of renewable energy on the planet, it is always available and more costeffective than solar or wind power, has a small ecological footprint and it recycles natures resources seawater or wastewater. Jul 14, 2016 if osmotic power becomes feasible, it offers huge potential for future clean energy generation as, while wind and solar energy are very dependent on the current weather or time of day, osmotic. The project manager at the statkraft osmotic power plant. The statkraft osmotic power plant at tofte, norway, is the first osmotic power or salinity gradient power generation plant in the world. Power production by conversion of salt gradient energy osmotic power production has. Aug 08, 2014 according to the predicted gross power per membrane area illustrated by the power density wm 2 in figure 7, the osmotic pressure difference of more than 50 bar is preferred as it allows the generation of a higher power density requiring a lower membrane area for the given 0. It utilizes the phenomenon that upon the mixing of fresh water and oceanic salt.
In osmotic power generation by the pro process, there is an optimal hydraulic pressure for a given osmotic pressure difference to obtain peak power density. In the autumn of 2009 the worlds first osmotic power generator was launched in the village of tofte in norway. When a station is built in an environment that has already been modified by human activity, the impact is mitigated. More than two years after the first osmotic power prototype was opened at tofte, is a new project on the way. Osmotic power, salinity gradient power or blue energy is the energy available from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. Explore osmotic power generation with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Osmotic power plants utilize the osmotic pressure difference between seawater and freshwater to drive a turbine, which in turn generates electricity. Inspired by plants that use osmotic gradients to accomplish mechanical work, we propose. Proponents of clean energy will soon have a new source to add to their existing array of solar, wind, and hydropower. First osmotic power plant built in norway by the company statcraft, opened in november 2009 8.
Presently, the most commonly explored salinitygradient scheme is the pairing of seawater with river water, which. Non conventional sources untapped potentials clean energy generation. The worlds first test plant to harness osmotic power, a new emissionfree source of energy, opened on tuesday, in norway. Salinity power generation is an emerging field in the quest for renewable energy. The potential for power production from salinity gradients. Through millions of years evolution, the living organisms have developed many optimized systems for power generation from such type of ionic. Maher kelada mik technology houston, texas distribution or modification of this copyrighted document is strictly prohibited and protected by united states copyright laws. Considering the osmotic power generation option excerpts taken from full white paper download now maher. Of an osmotic power plant to a commercial scale has a major impact on the design of the. Osmotic power a new, renewable energy source researchgate. Furthermore, the paper presents recommendations to membrane manufactures. Electricity generated with water, salt and a threeatoms.
This paper examines the osmotic energy research which has been carried out around the world. Or more specifically, energy generated by a natural phenomenon occurring when. But salinity gradient power generation is seen theoretically has having a higher energy potential than either of the former. The majority of recent pro studies have focused on the seawaterriver water resource scheme 2, 4, 12.
An osmotic generating station may produce light pollu. Osmotic power plants operate by combining salt water and fresh water. However, the most apparent drawback of the current membranes used for pro is severe membrane deformation at high applied pressures which enhance the internal concentration polarization icp and hence decrease the. Osmotic power 2 abstract this paper looks at the potential of osmotic power as a viable future renewable energy resource. Nov 26, 2009 first osmosis power plant goes on stream in norway. Mar 10, 2014 inspired by plants that use osmotic gradients to accomplish mechanical work, we propose that an osmosisdriven device with a highosmolarity working fluid could similarly serve as a means of liberating usable potential energy from the chemical potential of the fluid via pressure generation simply upon watering the device figure 1d. Theoretical and experimental investigations of the potential. The turbine of this system is run by osmotic power, which is generated from the concentration difference between sea water and fresh water. Research on the netpower output and osmotic power plant. The document is a presentation regarding osmotic power generation.
This byproduct is the result of natural forces that. Mit study could slash the cost of renewable osmotic power. A comparison of the voltages of the new cell with zinc electrodes blue squares and a cell with silver electrodes green circles. Osmotic power pdf osmotic power pdf osmotic power pdf download. Estimates made in the present study by the norwegian power company statkraft show that osmotic power generation may be developed to be cost competitive with other. Scientists have also proposed using wastewater effluent or low salinity water and seawater as feed and draw solutions in the pro process 15, 16. Potential of osmotic power generation by pressure retarded. Osmotic energybased micro hydroelectric power system. This paper presents an overview of osmotic power generation system with the analysis of potential benefits and limitations of it.
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